CommonJS: JavaScript Standard Library: "The CommonJS API will fill that gap by defining APIs that handle many common application needs, ultimately providing a standard library as rich as those of Python, Ruby and Java. The intention is that an application developer will be able to write an application using the CommonJS APIs and then run that application across different JavaScript interpreters and host environments. With CommonJS-compliant systems, you can use JavaScript to write:
Server-side JavaScript applications
Command line tools
Desktop GUI-based applications
Hybrid applications (Titanium, Adobe AIR)"
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